Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums are one of the most popular flowers in the world, next only to the Rose.

Chrysanthemum morifolii Chrysanthemum comes from Greek 'Chrys' meaning golden (the color of the original flowers), and 'anthemon', meaning flower. This name was given to it by Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish naturalist also known as the father of modern taxonomy.

Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: chrysanthemum
Species: morifolii

Chrysanthemum flowers bloom in various forms, and can be daisy-like, decorative, pompons or buttons. Chrysanthemum blooms come in a huge variety of shapes and sizes and in a wide range of colors. In addition to the traditional yellow, other popular colors are white, purple, and red.

Chrysanthemums have a wealth of meaning associated with them and therefore they are very popular as florist flowers.

The Chrysanthemum flower symbolizes fidelity, optimism, joy and long life.

A red chrysanthemum conveys love
A white chrysanthemum symbolizes truth and loyal love
A yellow chrysanthemum symbolizes slighted love

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About Chrysanthemum Flowers

Each Chrysanthemum flower head is actually a cluster of many flowers, composed of a central group of short disk flowers surrounded by rings of longer ray flowers. Chrysanthemums are classified into nine categories according to the type and arrangement of disk and ray flowers - Incurved, Reflexed, Intermediate, Late Flowering Anemones, Singles, Pompons, Sprays, Spiders/Spoons/Quills, Charms and Cascades. For example, the 'reflexed' Chrysanthemum consists of ray flowers that curve downward into an umbrella shape; the 'quill' has tubular ray flowers that radiate from the center of the head.

Some Interesting Facts about Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums are tropical flowers. Chrysanthemums were originally grown in the Eurasian region.
Chrysanthemums belong to the Asteraceae (Compositae) family, which is one of the largest families of flowering plants with over 1,000 genera and about 20,000 species.
The Chrysanthemum was brought to Japan by Buddhist monks in AD 400. Japanese emperors so loved the Chrysanthemum flower that they sat upon Chrysanthemum thrones. Chrysanthemums, kikus in Japanese, were featured on the Imperial Crest of Japan.
Even today, a number of Japanese cities hold spectacular annual chrysanthemum exhibitions.
Chrysanthemums are well suited for container gardening in patios.
Chrysanthemum flavored tea is very popular and is used as a relaxant.

Different Species of Chrysanthemum
Scientific Name	Common Name	Common Uses
Garden Varieties
C Segetum	Corn Marigold or Corndaisy	Ideal plant for a wild flower meadow or natural planting scheme.
C Carinatum	Tricolor Daisy	Leaves are edible and flowers are cultivated as beds.
C Coronarium	Crown Daisy	Medicinal use, used in conjunction with black pepper for treatment of syphillis and gonorrhea.
C Maximum	Shasta Daisy	The Chrysanthemum is excellent as a ground cover or border plant since the foliage is attractive and remains green all year.
C Majus	Alecost	The Alecost Chrysanthemum flower petals are used for conserves and leaves are used as flavoring in soups.
C Multicaule	Yellow Daisy	Grown in small pots, or combined with other plants in larger containers.
C Parthenium	Fever Few	A popular, though dubious headache remedy
C Morifolium	Florist´s Chrysanthemum	The Chrysanthemum is ideal for growing in beds and pots
Florist Varieties
C Coccineum	Pyrethum Daisy	The Chrysanthemum is used as an insecticide, especially against bookworms
C Frutescens	Marguerite	The Chrysanthemum is ideal for decoration and cultivation
C Sizzle Salmon	-	Ideal for flower exhibitions

Growing Chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemums are not specific to any season.
Chrysanthemum plants can be grown in any kind of soil, but they require a sunny weather for best performance. Chrysanthemum seeds are sown in those areas which experience low rainfall during the rainy season.
Chrysanthemums are easy to be grown and are propagated by division of roots, cuttings and seeds. Usually, the Chrysanthemum seedlings are transplanted after about a month of sowing. But sometimes seeds can also be sown directly in situ and seedlings thinned out after germination.
Chrysanthemum plants flower in about three months of sowing. Chrysanthemums have a long flowering period.

Chrysanthemum Plant Care

After the transplants, the Chrysanthemum beds should be weeded, hoed and watered regularly.
In some cases staking of Chrysanthemum plants is necessary.
After a few weeks, the Chrysanthemum seedlings are pinched to make them bushy.
Fertilizing the plant is an important step in caring for chrysanthemums. Fertilize when the plants are ready for blooming and discontinue fertilizing after flower buds are formed.
A careful check should be made to detect diseases or insect/pests and prompt control measures should be adopted to control them.
The faded Chrysanthemum blooms should be removed regularly as it helps prolong flowering.
Chrysanthemums are susceptible to aphids and plant bugs, leafspot and stunt, and foliar nematodes. However, Chrysanthemums benefit from winter protection.

A good book on gardening would be a good investment if you are seriously interested in growing Chrysanthemum or other flowers. View books on gardening

Do you love chrysanthemum flower photos? Click here for Chrysanthemum Photos.

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